Udayagiri Caves in India are partly artificial and partly natural. They are near Bhubaneswar (Odisha), India. The caves are on the hills of Udayagiri & Khandagiri.
These caves were found mainly during the reign of Kharavela. Rani Gumpha
at Udayagiri, which is a monastery on two levels, is the most important. Other important caves include Hathi Gumpha, Ananta Gumpha, Ganesha Gumpha, Jaya Vijaya Gumpha, Mancapuri Gumpha, Bagha/Vyaghra/Vyaghra Gumpha and Sarpa Gumpha.
1. Rani Gumpha - "Cave of the Queen". Rani Gumpha (or Rani Gumpha) is the largest and most visited cave among the Khandagiri and Udayagiri.
This cave has two levels. Each storey has 3 wings. However, the central wing of each storey is larger than all three. The lower floor houses seven entrances to the middle wings, while the upper has nine columns. The central wing's upper section has relief images that depict the victory march for a king. Many of these cells have carved design pala images. The panels connecting the right and left wings contain sculptures depicting wild animals, fruit laden trees, human figures and women playing musical instruments. The pilasters have the toranas which are arches that are decorated in Jain religious significance and royal scenes.
